Understanding Our Aging Eyes

As we grow older, changes in vision are common – but significant vision loss is not an inevitable part of aging. The Orlando Senior Help Desk at Jewish Pavilion Senior Services wants seniors and their families to understand that many serious eye conditions can be detected early and treated effectively.

Older adults are at increased risk for several major eye diseases that can lead to low vision and reduced quality of life. These include age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, diabetic retinopathy, and glaucoma.

Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD)
AMD is the leading cause of vision loss and blindness among adults over age 50. It affects the macula – the central portion of the retina responsible for sharp, detailed vision used for reading and recognizing faces. AMD progresses gradually, but early diagnosis and appropriate treatment can significantly reduce the risk of severe vision loss.

Cataracts
Cataracts occur when the eye’s natural lens becomes cloudy, leading to blurred or dim vision. Cataracts are extremely common in older adults. Fortunately, cataract surgery is safe, highly effective, and one of the most frequently performed procedures in the United States.

Diabetic Retinopathy
This condition is a complication of diabetes and results from damage to the blood vessels in the retina. Left untreated, it can lead to permanent vision impairment. However, early detection, timely treatment, and careful follow-up can reduce the risk of vision loss by as much as 95 percent.

Glaucoma
Glaucoma develops when fluid buildup increases pressure inside the eye, damaging the optic nerve. It often affects peripheral (side) vision first and can progress silently. Without treatment, glaucoma may result in total vision loss. Regular eye exams are critical because symptoms may not appear until significant damage has occurred.

It is important to understand that normal aging alone does not cause low vision. Vision loss is typically the result of eye disease, injury, or both. Warning signs can include loss of central or peripheral vision, blurred or hazy sight, and difficulty seeing at night.

Anyone experiencing these symptoms should promptly consult an ophthalmologist or optometrist. Eye care professionals can diagnose underlying conditions, initiate treatment, and recommend practical supports such as improved lighting, magnification devices, and other visual aids to maintain independence in daily activities.

Overall health also plays a direct role in eye health. Conditions such as high blood pressure and diabetes can significantly affect vision. Seniors should keep their eye care providers informed about medical diagnoses, medications, supplements, and lifestyle habits including diet, exercise, and sleep patterns.

Family history is another important risk factor. Individuals with relatives who have macular degeneration or glaucoma may face a higher likelihood of developing these conditions themselves and should be especially vigilant about routine screenings.

Steps to Protect Your Vision

In addition to scheduling comprehensive eye exams, seniors can take proactive measures to safeguard their eyesight:

• Eat a balanced diet rich in dark leafy greens and omega-3 fatty acids from fish.
• Maintain a healthy weight and stay physically active.
• Get adequate sleep to allow the eyes to rest and remain properly lubricated.
• Stop smoking.
• Keep diabetes and blood pressure under control.
• Wear sunglasses and a wide-brimmed hat outdoors to protect against UV exposure.
• Use protective eyewear during sports or home improvement activities.
• Reduce fall risks at home with slip-resistant rugs and secure handrails.
• Discuss your family’s eye health history with your eye care provider.

Preserving vision is essential to maintaining independence, safety, and quality of life as we age.

If you or a loved one has questions about senior health resources, vision concerns, or need guidance navigating care options, contact the Orlando Senior Help Desk at Jewish Pavilion Senior Services at 407-678-9363. Support, information, and compassionate assistance are just a phone call away.